Unit 4

bypass / surpass / impasse / impassive / trespass

bypass v. 绕过 (to go around or avoid (a place or area)) / ˈbaɪˌpæs /

• We tried to bypass the urban traffic by driving on a ring road, but it took us almost as long to drive around the city as it would have taken us to drive through it.

surpass v. 超越，胜过 (to be better or greater than (someone or something)) / sərˈpas /

• Nathan far surpassed his brother in terms of physical strength, but when it came to brainpower, he could never outwit him.

impasse n. 僵局 (a situation in which no progress seems possible) /amˈpɑːs/

• The negotiators had reached an impasse where neither party was willing to concede, or to discuss further terms.

impassive adj. 冷漠的 (not showing emotion) / ɪmˈpæsɪv /

• Mark's face remained impassive, showing no emotion, while the teacher harshly reprimanded him for his tardiness.

trespass v. 擅自闯入 (enter someone's land or property without permission) /ˈtrɛspəs/

• When the strange man trespassed on our property in the dead of night, my father called the police.

v. 违反，违背 (commit an offense against (a person or a set of rules))

• Parents will forgive their children a great many trespasses, allowing them to commit offenses that few others would accept.

pertinacious / tenacious

pertinacious adj. 固执的 (stubbornly tenacious) /ˌpərtnˈeɪʃəs /

• My sister's pertinacious drive to succeed has helped her to achieve a partnership in her law firm at the youthful age of 32.

tenacious adj. 坚定的 (very determined to do something) / təˈnāSHəs /

• The dog clung tenaciously to the bone, refusing to let his master take it away.

endanger / engender

endanger v. 危害 (to cause (someone or something) to be in a dangerous place or situation ) /ɪnˈdeɪn(d)ʒə/

• People who do not equip their homes with working fire safety devices, such as alarms, ladders, and extinguishers, are endangering their families.

engender v. 产生 (to cause to exist or to develop) / ənˈjendər /

• The 19th century's Industrial Revolution is likely to have engendered our current climate woes by introducing a wealth of new chemical admixtures to our environment.