Unit 115

hostility / hospitality

hostility n. 敌意，敌对状态 (unfriendly or hostile state, attitude, or action) / hɒˈstɪlɪti/

• The hostility between Syria's government and rebel forces has resulted in an extended and bloody civil war.

hospitality n. 热情好客 (generous and friendly treatment of visitors and guests) / hɒspɪˈtalɪti/

• My parents' excellent hospitality ensures that our house is the most popular spot for my friends to hang out after school.

boom / loom / gloom / zoom

boom v. 发出隆隆声 (to make a deep and loud sound) / buːm/

• My brother likes to crank the bass on his car stereo loud enough that you can hear him booming from all the way down the street.

v. 使兴旺 ((of a business or industry) to grow or expand suddenly)

• Sales of fidget spinners are booming lately.

loom n. 织布机 (a frame or machine for interlacing at right angles two or more sets of threads or yarns to form a cloth) / luːm/

• The carpet salesman showed us a huge wooden loom that was used for weaving his wares.

v. 隐约可见，朦胧出现 (to appear in an impressively large or great form)

• Sasha squealed with fright when the elephant's great body suddenly loomed before her.

gloom v. 沮丧 (to look, feel, or act sullen or despondent) / ɡluːm/

• After doing poorly on the SAT, Park gloomed over his reduced prospects of winning a scholarship to study at Harvard.

n. 昏暗，阴暗 (partial or total darkness)

• Hester found it so difficult to see in the early morning gloom that she tripped over the dog who was sleeping next to her bed.

zoom v. 极速移动 (to move quickly) / zuːm/

• The cars on the track zoomed past us at breakneck speeds of more than 170 miles per hour.

v. 猛涨 (to increase suddenly)

• In a single year, the value of our house zoomed from $100,000 to $350,000.

petulant / penitent

petulant adj. （说话，行为）粗鲁无礼的 (insolent or rude in speech or behavior) /ˈpɛtjʊl(ə)nt/

• The mother refused to entertain the child's petulant demands for a new toy.

penitent adj. 忏悔的，悔过的 (feeling or expressing humble or regretful) /ˈpɛnɪt(ə)nt/

• Ursula felt quite penitent after her rough playing resulted in her little sister breaking an arm.

biography / bibliography

biography n. 传 (a usually written history of a person's life) / bʌɪˈɒɡrəfi/

• Nettie enjoyed reading biographies about famous people in history.

bibliography n. （有关某一专题或某一作者的著作的）书目记 (a list of books, organizes, articles, etc., that are mentioned in a text) /ˌbɪblɪˈɒɡrəfi/

• Jake typed up a bibliography that listed all of the sources that he had referenced for his project.