Unit 11

defy / defer / deter

defy v. 不遵守,不服从，抵抗 (to refuse to obey) / dəˈfī /

• Ronin had great respect for his mother and would never purposely defy her by going against her wishes.

defer v. 推迟 (put off, delay) / dəˈfər /

• Seiji decided to defer going to university for a year in order to spend some time travelling through Canada.

deter v. 阻止 (to prevent (something) from happening) / dəˈtər /

• The dog had to wear a muzzle over his mouth in order to deter him from biting people.

spur / spurn / spurious / spurt

spur v. 刺激 (to incite or stimulate) / spər /

• We were careful to behave well in our math classes because the slightest infraction could spur our teacher into a rage.

spurn v. 冷落 (to refuse to accept (something or someone that you do not think deserves your respect, attention, etc.)) / spərn /

• Jun appreciated the fact that her beauty caught the attention of the opposite sex, but she found it exhausting when she had to spurn their unwanted advances.

spurious adj. 假的，欺骗的 (not genuine sincere, or authentic) / ˈsp(y)o͝orēəs /

• The salesman's compliments were spurious, based less on fact and more upon his desire to win us over in order to make a sale.

spurt v. 喷出，喷射 (to gush forth) / spərt /

• Blood spurted out from the wound on Jai's leg and gushed down onto the rug.

disparate / disparage

disparate adj. 不同的 (different from each other) / spər /

• There was a disparate array of items on the table: a pen, a cup, one shoe, a toy car, and a feather boa.

disparage v. 鄙视 (to describe (someone or something) as unimportant, weak, bad, etc.) / dəˈsperij /

• Donald Trump issues such ridiculous tweets that it sometimes seems as though he wants the media to disparage him.