Unit 106

cardinal / cordial

cardinal n. 红衣主教 (a high ecclesiastical official of the Roman Catholic Church who ranks next below the pope) /ˈkɑːd(ɪ)n(ə)l/

• The Catholic Church has 224 Cardinals who rank just below the Pope in importance.

adj. 主要的，基本的 (basic or most important)

• The Law of Gravity is a cardinal rule of physics.

cordial adj. 热情友好的 (politely pleasant and friendly) /ˈkɔːdɪəl/

• The assistant spoke cordially on the phone but cast aspersions on the caller when she hung up.

verdant / verdict / vertical

verdant adj. 没有经验的，不老练的 (unripe in experience or judgment; naïve) /ˈvəːd(ə)nt/

• Melissa's fledgling years made her a verdant judge of character.

verdict n.（陪审团的）裁决，决定 (the finding or decision of a jury on the matter submitted to it in trial) /ˈvəːdɪkt/

• The verdict was grim: the jury had sentenced the murderer to death.

vertical adj. 垂直的 (going straight up) /ˈvəːtɪk(ə)l/

• The mountain path ended at a cliff that had a vertical drop of an almost perfect 90 degree angle.

apprise / appraise / appease

apprise v. 通知 (to give notice to) /əˈprʌɪz/

• Anna apprised the boss of her intention to quit working at the end of the month.

appraise v. 评估 (to evaluate the worth, significance, or status of) / əˈpreɪz/

• The antiques dealer appraised the painting to be worth about $3,000.

appease v. 安抚，缓和 (to make (someone) pleased or less angry by giving or saying something desired) / əˈpiːz/

• The mother appeased the crying child with a candy bar.